Solar thermal ikon samar da wani sabon makamashi amfani, da ka'idar ne ta hanyar da reflector zai hasken rana convergence zuwa hasken rana makamashi tarin na'urar, da yin amfani da hasken rana makamashi don dumama na'urar tara a cikin zafi canja wurin matsakaici (ruwa ko gas), sa'an nan zafi da ruwa don samar da injin samar da wutar lantarki mai tururi ko kai tsaye. Wannan hanyar samar da wutar lantarki an raba ta ne zuwa tarin zafi, yin amfani da makamashin hasken rana don dumama yanayin zafi da kuma hanyar canja wurin zafi don fitar da injin don samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyoyi uku. Babban nau'ikan samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana sune trough, hasumiya, diski (faifai) tsarin uku. Ɗauki tsarin tudun ruwa a matsayin misali, yana amfani da magudanar ruwa-nau'i masu tarin yawa waɗanda aka tsara a jeri da kuma layi ɗaya don dumama matsakaicin aikin, samar da tururi mai zafi, da kuma fitar da injin injin injin injin don samar da wutar lantarki. Irin wannan tsarin yana da amfani da wutar lantarki mai santsi kuma za'a iya amfani dashi don wutar lantarki mai tushe da kuma canzawa mafi girma, yayin da tabbatarwa kuma abin dogara da ajiyar makamashi (ma'ajiyar zafi) kuma yana ba da damar ci gaba da samar da wutar lantarki da dare.

A halin yanzu, masu bincike suna aiki don haɓaka inganci da tattalin arziƙin samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana ta hanyar haɓaka ƙirar ƙira da kayan tattarawa, haɓaka haɓakar canjin hoto, da samun babban zafin jiki da canjin makamashi mai inganci. Bugu da ƙari, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba a fasahar ajiyar makamashi da rage farashin, fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana za ta cimma tsawon lokaci na samar da wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa, inganta fadada aikace-aikacensa a fannoni daban-daban. A fannin gine-gine, fasahar zafin rana kuma tana da babban damar yin amfani da ita, ba wai kawai za a iya haɗa ta da kamannin ginin ba don haɓaka ƙayatarwa da dorewar ginin, har ma za ta iya samar da wani ɓangare ko duka na buƙatun wutar lantarki ga ginin. gini. Gabaɗaya, samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana sabuwar hanya ce ta amfani da makamashi tare da fa'ida mai fa'ida, kuma za ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin samar da makamashi a nan gaba yayin da fasahar ke ci gaba da haɓakawa kuma farashin ya ragu.

Matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun wutar lantarki shine muhimmin sashi na tsarin wutar lantarki, babban maƙasudin shi shine saduwa da sauye-sauye da canje-canje a cikin kayan wuta da tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na tsarin wutar lantarki. Mai zuwa shine cikakken bayani na sashin wutar lantarki na FM:

I. Kololuwa

Canjin kololuwa yana nufin sabis ɗin da sashin samar da ke bayarwa don bin diddigin canje-canjen kololuwa da kwarin kaya don daidaita fitowar naúrar ta hanyar da aka tsara kuma bisa ga ƙayyadaddun saurin tsari. Na'urorin wutar lantarki, musamman ma'adinan kwal da na'urori masu amfani da iskar gas, ta hanyar daidaita yanayin konewa da kwararar tururi don canza wutar lantarki don biyan bukatun wutar lantarki a lokuta daban-daban.

Na biyu, mitar regulation, mita ka'idar za a iya raba firamare da sakandare ka'idar mita.1. Tsarin mitar na farko: Lokacin da mitar tsarin wutar lantarki ta rabu da mitar da aka yi niyya, saitin janareta yana daidaita ƙarfin aiki don rage karkacewar mitar ta hanyar amsa ta atomatik na tsarin ƙa'idar saurin. Wannan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar tsarin sarrafa saurin na'urar don gane ta atomatik, ta hanyar halayen naúrar.

2. Tsarin mita na biyu: yawanci ana samuwa ta hanyar sarrafawar tsarar atomatik (AGC), AGC yana nufin cewa saitin janareta yana bin umarnin aikawa da wutar lantarki a cikin kewayon daidaitawar fitarwa da aka ƙayyade kuma yana daidaita fitowar wutar lantarki a ainihin lokacin bisa ga wani saurin daidaitawa don saduwa. mitar tsarin wutar lantarki da buƙatun sarrafa wutar lantarki na layin lamba. Matsayinsa shine magance matsalar saurin saurin ɗaukar nauyi da ƙaramin digiri na canjin samar da wutar lantarki, ta yadda tsarin tsarin ya daidaita a matakin ƙimar al'ada ko kusa da ƙimar al'ada. wata maɓalli mai mahimmanci don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki, kuma ta hanyar hanyoyin daidaitawa masu sassaucin ra'ayi da hanyoyin fasaha, zai iya cimma daidaitattun sa ido da sauri da sauri ga nauyin wutar lantarki.

Sabon nau'in ajiyar makamashi da samar da zafi na narkakkar gishiri yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da hawan carbon. A matsayin matsakaici da kuma high zafin jiki zafi canja wurin zafi ajiya matsakaici, narkakkar gishiri yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga m cikakken tururi matsa lamba, m high zafin jiki kwanciyar hankali, kananan low danko, manyan zafi musamman iya aiki, da dai sauransu Saboda haka, narkakkar gishiri zafi ajiya tsarin yana da abũbuwan amfãni. na fadi da kewayon aikace-aikace, kore muhalli kariya, aminci da kwanciyar hankali, da dai sauransu, kuma shi ne na farko zabi na babban sikelin da kuma dogon lokaci matsakaici da kuma high zafin jiki ajiya fasahar. A cikin mahallin kololuwar carbon, sabon narkakken gishirin makamashin ajiyar makamashi da fasahar dumama ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin samar da wutar lantarki mai zafi ta hasken rana, daidaita wutar lantarki mafi girma, dumama da sake amfani da sharar zafi da sauran fannoni. Ta hanyar amfani da sabon haɓakar makamashi da raguwar makamashin burbushin haɓaka da raguwar hanyar haɗin gwiwa, haɗe da sabon makamashi tare da buƙatar ajiyar makamashi, narkakken gishiri sabon ajiyar makamashi na iya maye gurbin kwal-

kora gas tukunyar jirgi kore wutar lantarki, ga masana'antu masana'antu, nuni wuraren shakatawa don samar da kore low-carbon zafi mai tsabta, don taimakawa cimma kololuwar carbon da sabon zamanin high quality-kore ci gaba.

Bugu da kari, ta hanyar ingantacciyar aikace-aikacen dumama mai tsafta da fasahohin samar da wutar lantarki kamar "photovoltaic + narkakken gishiri" ajiyar makamashi, "ikon iska + narkakken gishiri" ajiyar makamashi, da dai sauransu, sabuwar narkakkar gishiri makamashi ajiya fasahar dumama makamashi. zai iya cimma babban rabo na aikace-aikacen makamashi mai sabuntawa a cikin wurin shakatawa, da kuma hanzarta fahimtar Tsarin Ayyukan Ayyukan Carbon da sabon matukin gwajin sifili. shirin da sabon sifiri-carbon nunin matukin jirgi. A takaice, sabon narkakken makamashin makamashin gishiri da fasahar dumama na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da kololuwar carbon, kuma yana ba da goyon baya mai karfi don gina sabon tsarin makamashi da inganta ci gaban kore da karancin carbon.

Ƙirƙirar ƙarfin gishirin narkakkar fasaha ce da ke amfani da yanayin zafi na narkakkar gishiri don canza makamashin zafi da samar da wutar lantarki. A cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai narkewa, gishirin da aka narkar da shi zai fara zafi zuwa babban zafin jiki sannan a canza zafi zuwa tururin ruwa ta hanyar musayar zafi. Turin ruwa yana faɗaɗa yayin da ake zafi da kuma motsa injin turbine, wanda hakan ke motsa injin samar da wutar lantarki. Bayan canjin makamashi, tururin ruwa yana sanyaya ta hanyar na'ura kuma a sake yin fa'ida. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gishiri yana da fa'idodi da yawa. Da fari dai, narkakkar gishiri, a matsayin matsakaici don canja wurin zafi da adanawa, yana da kyakkyawar kwanciyar hankali a yanayin zafi mai girma da kuma babban ƙarfin zafi, wanda ke sa tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na gishiri ya iya gane ingantaccen ingantaccen canjin makamashi mai ƙarfi. Na biyu, ana iya amfani da fasahar samar da wutar lantarki na gishiri a cikin fagage na samar da wutar lantarki ta photothermal da sabunta wutar lantarki, wanda ke ba da ingantacciyar hanyar amfani da makamashi mai sabuntawa da amfani.

na makamashi mai tsabta. Bugu da kari, za a iya amfani da narkakken makamashin makamashin gishiri a yanayin yanayi inda buƙatun makamashin ƙarshe shine makamashin zafi, kamar samar da zafi mai tsafta.