Ukuveliswa kombane oshushu elanga kukusetyenziswa kwamandla amatsha, umgaqo-nkqubo wawo ngowokubonakalisa ukukhanya kwelanga kwisixhobo sokuqokelela amandla elanga, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga ukutshisa isixhobo sokuqokelela ngaphakathi kwendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu (ulwelo okanye igesi), emva koko shushu amanzi ukwenza umbane oqhutywa ngomphunga okanye oqhutywa ngokuthe ngqo wokuvelisa umbane wejenereyitha. Le ndlela yokuvelisa amandla yahlulwe ubukhulu becala ibe yingqokelela yobushushu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga ukufudumeza indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu kunye nendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu ukuqhubela injini ukuvelisa umbane kwiikhonkco ezintathu. Iintlobo eziphambili zokuvelisa amandla elanga ashushu ngumkhombe, inqaba, idiski (idiski) iinkqubo ezintathu. Thatha inkqubo yomkhombe njengomzekelo, isebenzisa abaqokeleli abaninzi be-parobolic egxininise yodidi oluyingxilimbela olucwangciswe kuthotho kunye nokunxuseneyo ukufudumeza indawo yokusebenza, ukuvelisa umphunga wobushushu obuphezulu, nokuqhuba iseti yejenereyitha yeinjini yokuvelisa umbane. Inkqubo enjalo inenzuzo yokuphuma kwamandla agudileyo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa umbane wesiseko kunye nokutshintshwa kwencopho, ngelixa ukugcinwa kwayo okuqinisekisiweyo kunye nokuthembekileyo (ukugcinwa kwe-thermal) uqwalaselo lukwavumela ukuveliswa kwamandla okuqhubekayo ebusuku.

Okwangoku, abaphandi basebenzela ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye noqoqosho lokuvelisa amandla obushushu belanga ngokuphucula uyilo kunye nezixhobo zomqokeleli, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwefotothermal, kunye nokufezekisa ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuguqulwa kwamandla aphezulu. Ukongezelela, kunye nokuphumelela okuqhubekayo kwiteknoloji yokugcina amandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, iteknoloji yokuvelisa amandla elanga photovoltaic iya kufezekisa ixesha elide lokunikezelwa kwamandla okuzinzileyo, ukukhuthaza ukwandiswa kwesicelo sayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Kwintsimi yolwakhiwo, itekhnoloji ye-thermal yelanga nayo inamandla amakhulu okusebenza, ayipheleli nje ekudityaniswe nenkangeleko yesakhiwo ukukhulisa ubuhle kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo, kodwa inokubonelela ngenxalenye okanye yonke imfuno yombane isakhiwo. Lilonke, ukuveliswa kwamandla obushushu belanga yindlela entsha yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye namathemba abanzi, kwaye kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ngakumbi kubonelelo lwamandla kwixesha elizayo njengoko ubuchwephesha buqhubela phambili kwaye neendleko zincitshiswa.

Incopho yolawulo lwefrikhwensi yeeyunithi zamandla obushushu yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenkqubo yamandla, eyona njongo iphambili kukuhlangabezana nokuguquguquka kunye notshintsho kwimithwalo yamandla kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwenkqubo yamandla. Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo eneenkcukacha yeyunithi yombane we-FM:

I. Ukucotha

Ukutshintshwa kwencopho kubhekiselele kwinkonzo enikezelwa yiyunithi yokuvelisa ukulandelela incopho kunye nentlambo yokutshintsha komthwalo ukuze kulungiswe imveliso yeyunithi evelisayo ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo kwaye ngokwesantya esithile sommiselo. Iiyunithi zamandla e-thermal, ngokukodwa iiyunithi ezivuthayo ngamalahle kunye neeyunithi ezitshiswa ngegesi, ngokulungelelanisa izinga lokutsha kunye nokuhamba kwe-steam ukuguqula amandla okuvelisa ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yamandla ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo.

Okwesibini, ukulawulwa kwamaza, ukulawulwa rhoqo kunokwahlulwa kummiselo ophambili kunye nowesibini. Ummiselo ophambili wokuphindaphinda: Xa inkqubo yamandla rhoqo itenxa kwithagethi ekujoliswe kuyo, iseti yejeneretha ilungelelanisa amandla asebenzayo ukunciphisa ukutenxa ngamaza ngokuphendula okuzenzekelayo kwenkqubo yolawulo lwesantya. Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu ngenkqubo yolawulo lwesantya yomvelisi ukuziqonda ngokuzenzekelayo, ngeempawu zeyunithi.

2. Ummiselo wokuphindaphinda kwesibini: ngokuqhelekileyo ukuphunyezwa ngokulawula ukuveliswa okuzenzekelayo (AGC), i-AGC ithetha ukuba isethi ye-generator ilandelela umyalelo wokuhambisa amandla ngaphakathi koluhlu lohlengahlengiso oluchaziweyo kunye nokulungelelanisa imveliso yokuvelisa amandla ngexesha lokwenyani ngokwesantya esithile sokulungelelanisa ukuhlangabezana. ubuninzi benkqubo yamandla kunye neemfuno zolawulo lwamandla omgca woqhagamshelwano. Indima yayo kukusombulula ingxaki yokuguquguquka komthwalo okhawulezayo kunye nenqanaba elincinci lokutshintsha kokuveliswa kwamandla, ukuze inkqubo yokuphindaphinda izinziswe kwinqanaba lexabiso eliqhelekileyo okanye lisondele kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo. Isishwankathelo, uhlengahlengiso oluphezulu lweeyunithi zamandla obushushu indlela ephambili yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwenkqubo yamandla, kwaye ngokusebenzisa izicwangciso zokulungelelanisa eziguquguqukayo kunye neendlela zobugcisa, inokufikelela ekulandeleni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kumthwalo wamandla.

Uhlobo olutsha lokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunikezelwa kobushushu betyuwa etyhidiweyo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokunyuka kwekhabhoni. Njengendawo yokugcina ubushushu obuphakathi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, ityuwa etyhidiweyo ineengenelo zoxinzelelo lomphunga ophantsi, uzinzo oluphezulu lobushushu, i-viscosity encinci ephantsi, umthamo omkhulu wobushushu, njl. yobubanzi besicelo, ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okuluhlaza, ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza, njl., kwaye lukhetho lokuqala lwezinga elikhulu kunye nexesha elide eliphakathi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu beteknoloji yokugcina ubushushu. Kumxholo wencopho yekhabhoni, ugcino olutsha olunyibilikisiweyo lwamandla etyuwa kunye nokufudumeza itekhnoloji isetyenziswa kakhulu kumandla ombane obushushu belanga, iyunithi yamandla obushushu ashushu iyunithi yohlengahlengiso lwesantya, ukufudumeza kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe ubushushu kunye neminye imimandla. Ngokusetyenziswa kokukhula kwamandla amatsha kunye nokunciphisa amandla efosili yokonyuka kunye nokuncipha kwendlela yonxibelelano, kudityaniswe namandla amatsha kunye nemfuno yokugcina amandla, ityuwa enyibilikisiweyo yokugcina amandla amatsha inokutshintsha indawo yamalahle-

igesi yebhoyila igesi umbane oluhlaza, kumashishini amashishini, iipaki zokubonisa ukubonelela ubushushu obuhlaza obuphantsi kwekhabhoni ecocekileyo, ukunceda ukufikelela kwincopho yekhabhoni kunye nexesha elitsha lophuhliso oluphezulu lohlaza.

Ukongeza, ngokusetyenziswa okutsha kunye nokubanzi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza okucocekileyo kunye nencopho yetekhnoloji yokuvelisa amandla njenge "photovoltaic + ityuwa etyhidiweyo" yokugcina amandla, "amandla omoya + ityuwa etyhidiweyo" ukugcinwa kwamandla, njl. inokufezekisa umlinganiselo ophezulu wokusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo epakini, kwaye ikhawulezise ukufezekiswa kweNkqubo yePeak Carbon Action kunye ne-pilot entsha ye-zero-carbon demonstration. inkqubo kunye nolingo omtsha we-zero-carbon demonstration. Ukushwankathela, ugcino olutsha olutyhidiweyo lwamandla etyuwa kunye nokufudumeza itekhnoloji idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yencopho yekhabhoni, kwaye ibonelela ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo yokwakha inkqubo yamandla entsha kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwekhabhoni eluhlaza kunye nephantsi.

Ukuveliswa kwamandla etyuwa enyibilikisiweyo bubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa iimpawu zobushushu obuphezulu betyuwa enyibilikisiweyo ukuguqula amandla obushushu kunye nokuvelisa umbane. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla etyuwa enyibilikisiweyo, ityuwa enyibilikisiweyo iqala ifudunyezwe kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kwaye emva koko ubushushu bugqithiselwe kumphunga wamanzi ngenkqubo yokutshintshiselana ngobushushu. Umphunga wamanzi uyakhula njengoko ufudunyezwa kwaye uqhuba i-injini yomoya, ethi yona iqhube ijenereyitha ukuvelisa umbane. Emva kokuguqulwa kwamandla, umphunga wamanzi upholiswa yi-condenser kwaye uhlaziywe. Ukuvelisa amandla etyuwa anyibilikisiweyo kuneengenelo ezininzi. Okokuqala, ityuwa enyibilikisiweyo, njengendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu kunye nokugcinwa kwayo, ibonakala ngokuzinza kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nomthamo omkhulu wobushushu, nto leyo eyenza inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla etyuwa enyibilikisiweyo ikwazi ukufezekisa uguqulo lwamandla obushushu olusebenza kakuhle kakhulu noluzinzileyo. Okwesibini, iteknoloji yokuvelisa amandla etyuwa etyhidiweyo ingasetyenziswa kwimimandla yokuvelisa amandla e-photothermal kunye nokulungiswa kweplanti yamandla ashushu, ebonelela ngeendlela ezisebenzayo zokusetyenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kunye nokusetyenziswa.

amandla acocekileyo. Ukongeza, ugcino lwamandla etyuwa olunyibilikisiweyo lunokusetyenziswa nakwiimeko apho imfuno yamandla esiphelo ingamandla ashushu, njengonikezelo lobushushu obucocekileyo.